In spite of the best efforts, red rot is still posing challenges in stabilising sugarcane and sugar production. Assessment of relative performance of plug method, nodal method, and the proposed parafilm method of red rot inoculation was made. As the fungus colletotrichum falcatum responsible for this disease is highly variable in. Whether sugarcane is infected by both red rot and wilt same time. Foliar fungicides have not been effective in the control of red rot. Extended drought in the summer followed by water logging in the monsoon. The waterdeficit stress and redrotrelated genes in sugarcane. Management of wilt and root rot disease of sugarcane in. Inoculations were carried out in both plug and nodal methods as suggested by the aicrp on sugarcane. Ppt sugarcane diseases powerpoint presentation free to. In plug method, plug hole made by a cork borer on the third exposed internode from bottom 6. India being the largest consumer as well as the second largest producer of sugar, so, it requires sugarcane production on large scale.
Colletotrichum falcatum went, glomerella cingulata red rot disease on sugarcane red rot is one of the major constraints in the profitable cultivation of sugarcane in many states of india. Red rot disease of sugarcane caused by colletotrichum falcatum is one of the most destructive diseases of sugarcane saccharum officinarum worldwide. In the proposed parafilm method, nodal maturity of cane stalk was taken as the guiding factor for inoculation. Ecofriendly management of red rot disease of sugarcane. An assignment on idm model of red rot of sugercane course no p. Variations for red rot resistance in somaclones of sugarcane. As biological entity, sugarcane, among cultivated plants, is one of the physiologically most efficient converters of. Butler1906 published a detailed account of this disease from pusa, bihar and gave it the name red rot.
Biological control of red rot in sugarcane by native. No other sugarcane has attained the universal importance of mosaic. List of sugarcane diseases, ikisan agricultural portal. This research is based on the principle of biological control of fungal disease infection in sugarcane by the use of t. How to control red rot disease in sugarcanehindi duration. Molecular identification and biocontrol activity of. On the basis of mycelial growth inhibition in dual culture assay, 26 bacteria were selected for further characterization of morphology, biochemical activity, plant. Numerous pathogens infect sugarcane, such as sugarcane grassy shoot disease caused by phytoplasma, whiptail disease or sugarcane smut, pokkah boeng caused by fusarium moniliforme, xanthomonas axonopodis bacteria causes gumming disease, and red rot disease caused by colletotrichum falcatum.
Red rot glomerella tucumanensis physalospora tucumanensis colletotrichum falcatum anamorph red rot of leaf sheath and sprout rot athelia rolfsii pellicularia rolfsii sclerotium rolfsii anamorph red spot of leaf sheath mycovellosiella vaginae cercospora vaginae. Red rot is the key menace of sugarcane in india, and the onus of its containment also squarely rests on the indians. The red rot disease attacks the standing sugarcane crop and thus causes enormous losses. The pathogen attacks sucrose accumulating parenchyma cells of cane stalk leading to severe losses in cane yield and sugar recovery. The surest symptom of the disease is the reddening of the internal internodal tissues. Many biotic and abiotic factors limit the sugarcane production. It may invade leafblade and leafsheath tissues and is capable of infecting. Rhizobacteria have a good potential to suppress soilborne diseases, but their efficacy against sugarcane pests is rarely reported. The small spots on the leaf blade are probably white rash. Integrated management strategies for red rot disease of sugarcane.
Causal agent red rot disease is caused by the fungus glomerella tucumanensis. It causes severe loss in yield and quality of the sugarcane. Soma 16, 27 and 37 were found moderately resistant by plug method of inoculation. It was brought to louisiana in 1751, and, together with the otaheite introduced in 1797, remained a commercial variety until after 1825, when both were gradually replaced by the.
Bacterial strains isolated from the rhizosphere of sugarcane were evaluated for their potential to suppress red rot disease on two susceptible varieties, co. The book describes a systematic study of the fungal pathogen colletotrichum falcatum of red rot disease of sugarcane saccharum spp. This is one of the most severe of the known diseases of sugarcane. Healthy setts were treated by applying trichoderma mixed culture tmc of t. However, better crop stands have been achieved from enhanced germination obtained by treating seed pieces with a fungicide before. Red rot attacks the stalks, stubble rhizomes, and leaf midribs of the.
It may invade leafblade and leafsheath tissues and is capable of infecting sugarcane roots but it is not important as a disease of these organs. Rajbir singh assistant professor department of plant pathology gochar mahavidyalaya, rampur maniharan, saharanpur up, india affiliated to ch. Red rot is often referred as cancer of sugarcane and no effective method for its control is available yet. The lesions may eventually develop a straw color in the center. However, this loose usage covers two distinct but related conditions, surface corrosion and deterioration of the alloy due to dezincification. Of the various biotic stresses of sugarcane, red rot caused by colletotrichum falcatum, is a devastating fungal disease posing a serious threat to sugarcane. Red rot is the most common disease of sugarcane, caused by the fungus colletotrichum falcatum went. Shukla bhargava agricultural laboratory, department of botany, faculty of science, university of allahabad, allahabad211002, uttar pradesh, india. The red rot caused by colletotrichum falcatum went glomerella tucumanensis speg arx and muller is responsible for the elimination of many. The disease incidence range varies from traces to 12%. It is needless to say that red rot epidemic of 193839, along with brown spot epidemic of rice in 194243 augured the development of plant pathology as a subject in the curriculum of indian universities. Colletot richum falcatum glomerella tucumanensis hosts. Molecular detection of colletotrichum falcatum causing red. Diseases sugarcane breeding institute, coimbatore, india.
In this why idm technology are very much helpful to control slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. But diseases are the major concern for the sugarcane, responsible for its low yield. Wilt and root rot diseases of sugarcane are major threat to. Red rot of leaf sheath and sprout rot athelia rolfsii pellicularia rolfsii sclerotium rolfsii anamorph red spot of leaf sheath mycovellosiella vaginae cercospora vaginae. Cultivation of resistant varieties like co 89003, co 98014, co 0118, co 0238, co 0239, co 0124, etc will contain the. Red rot, attacks the stalks, stubble rhizomes, and leaf midribs of the sugarcane plant. Red rot of sugarcane was first reported from java now indonesia by went in 1893. Outbreak of red rot on sugarcane variety co 7508 a new pathotype in coastal andhra pradesh. Among all the diseases, fungal disease named red rot of sugarcane is the most threatening disease of sugarcane, rightly called as cancer of sugarcane. Pdf integrated management strategies for red rot disease. Red rot of sugarcane disease is caused by colletotrichum falcatum went, the perfect stage of which is glomerella tucumanensis speg. Identification, importance, charaterization and biological control shaardesh kumar chaurasia on. In seed pieces, the entire seed piece may become rotted and the internal tissues exhibit various shades of red, brown or gray. Studies on development and spread of red rot in a sugarcane plant a dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty of tha louisiana state university and agricultural, and mechanical college in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in.
A total of 226 sugarcane rhizosphereassociated bacterial strains from the six different cultivars were screened against three pathogenic strains of c. India abstract ssugarcane is an important source of income and employment for the farming community of. However, the diseases can be managed by adopting integrated red rot management practices. Sugarcane red rot disease 3 prompt harvesting of infected or susceptible crops are other management practices recommended for red rot control. Biological control of red rot of sugarcane disease by. Red rot, caused by colletotrichum falcatum, is one of the major diseases of sugarcane in the world. Red rot of sugarcane caused by colletotrichum falcatum went is one of the devastating diseases of sugarcane causing significant loss to sugarcane production in india and other asian countries. Therefore careful selection of red rotfree seed setts is recommended for planting. It has been observed that once the disease has appeared in the field it is impossible to control. It may lllyade leafblade and leafsheath tissues and is capable of infecting su.
Plug method of pathogen inoculation is the most common method used for red rot screening in sugarcane and here, severity score is being assigned based on the red rot symptoms inside the canes. Major diseases of sugarcane observed in these areas were red rot, wilt, smut, pokkah boeng and grassy shoot. Due to enzymatic action of the pathogen, there is conversion of sucrose in the cane juice into glucose and alcohol. Among the biotic factors fungal diseases are major constraints in reducing the yield of sugarcane. Efficacy of hot water treatment and carbendazim in the control of sett borne infection of red rot of sugarcane. Red rot attacks the stalks, stubble rhizomes, and leaf midribs of the sugarcane plant. Red rot of sugarcane is one of the severe problem for fruitful profitable production of sugarcane. Red rot can infect mature stalks of sugarcane, leaf mid ribs and cause rot of planting material which results in substantial losses in crop abstract sugarcane is an important agro industrial crop of the world.
Red rot is frequently not discernible from external exnmination of. M journal of sharma and tamta, plant pathol microbiol 215. During 18951900 the disase assumed epidemic proportion in the godavari delata of andhra pradesh, india barber 1901. The present work deals with plant pathology and microbiology. Sugarcane somaclones regenerated though leaf callus cultures of variety cos 91279 showed wide variations for red rot resistance against four isolates ofcolletotrichum falcatum went. The pathogen spreads primarily through infected sugarcane setts and hence the use of disease. Pdf towards an ideal method of inoculation for screening. In an epidemic form, it causes heavy reduction in stands and even threatens to wipe out the entire crop in the field.
Red rot research in india on hybrid cane varieties. Red rot is usually considered as a stalk and a seedpiece disease. Red rot is commonly used to refer to any reddish patch of corrosion on a copperbased alloy, such as brass. Pythium root rot of sugarcane 3 finally replaced by less delicate sorts. Except maharashtra, the disease has been recorded in all the states. Mosaic, which causes mottling or spotting of foliage and sometimes curling, dwarfing, and narrowing of the leaves, is due to infection by any of several viruses. The disease causes damage to the sugarcane drop mainly by reducing the crop stands and by reducing the sucrose content of the cane juice. Sereh, a blackening and degeneration of the fanlike tops, is caused by an east indian virus.
Red rot of sugarcane is hard to control because the stalk from which seeds are prepared has been largely affected from the time of planting, and fungicides cannot reach the infected tissues inside a diseased seed sett. Red rot caused by colletotrichum falcatum went is a serious stalk disease affecting production and productivity in sugarcane. Hence screening for red rot resistance became an integral part of varietal development in the country. Complex polyploidy and lack of information on inheritance to red rot in sugarcane make breeding for red rot resistance more difficult. Since then it has been found to cause epiphytotics in different countries. Pdf the waterdeficit stress and redrotrelated genes. Red stripetop rot disease red stripetop rot disease once considered as a minor disease of sugarcane is gaining importance as a major disease due to considerable changes in the climatic factors. Relationship between climatic factors and initiation of red rot infection in sugarcane. Red rot, glomerella tucumanensis, showing symptoms of the fungus in the midrib of a sugarcane leaf. The disease first appears as red bright lesions on mid rib of leaves and shows itself as drooping and changing of colour of upper leaves.
Abstract sugarcane is an important cash crop and used as the chief source of sugar grown. Red rot of sugarcane with diagram biology discussion. Among all the diseases, fungal disease named red rot of sugarcane is the. Red rot resistant transgenic sugarcane developed through.